Psychological Dynamics of Unplanned Adolescent Pregnancy with Low Social Support

Abstract

Unplanned adolescent pregnancy is often accompanied by psychological challenges that may be intensified by limited social support. This case study aimed to explore the psychological dynamics experienced by a 19-year-old primigravida in her first trimester with an unplanned pregnancy and low social support, and to describe the effects of psychological midwifery interventions. A qualitative descriptive approach was used through in-depth semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and psychological assessment. The subject reported shock, anxiety, sleep disturbances, emotional instability, and feelings of unpreparedness for motherhood after learning about the pregnancy in the first year of marriage. Her anxiety was reinforced by concerns about future responsibilities, the transition from working woman to housewife, and inadequate emotional support from her husband and family. Although her physical and obstetric examinations remained within normal limits, her psychological condition indicated difficulty adapting to the maternal role. Interventions in the form of therapeutic communication, counseling on psychological adaptation, anxiety management, and encouragement of family involvement were provided. After intervention, the subject showed gradual acceptance of the pregnancy, reduced anxiety, improved sleep patterns, better emotional regulation, and increased readiness to prepare for motherhood. This case highlights that unplanned adolescent pregnancy can create significant psychological stress, especially when social support is limited. Comprehensive midwifery care that integrates psychological support and family involvement is essential to help pregnant adolescents adapt more effectively and improve maternal well-being during pregnancy